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Electrochemical cells that produce electric energy from chemical energy are the basis of primary and secondary (storage) batteries and fuel cells. Thus, electrode reactions are assumed to induce deviations from equilibrium due to the passage of an electrical current through an electrochemical cell causing a change in the working electrode (WE) potential. Bernoulli, Dalton, and others pictured atoms as tiny billiard-ball-like particles in various states of motion.
Pages: 312
Publisher: Elsevier; 1 edition (July 6, 2015)
ISBN: 0128014172
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